AKTU Geo-Informatics (BMN062) Syllabus PDF – B.Tech 3rd Year

Course Outcomes

1. Students will understand the fundamental concepts of Geo-informatics and its diverse applications in various aspects of mining engineering, including management information and expert systems.
2. Students will be able to apply principles of Remote Sensing (RS) to acquire and interpret spatial data, and effectively utilize Geographic Information Systems (GIS) for spatial data management, analysis, and visualization in mining.
3. Students will comprehend the concepts and applications of Global Positioning Systems (GPS) for precise location and navigation, and integrate this knowledge with other geo-informatics tools.
4. Students will learn to analyze and present data related to geological discontinuities using geo-informatics tools and understand its role in advanced topics like micro-mechanics, fractal analysis, and damage mechanics within a mining context.

UNIT- 1: Introduction to Geo-informatics and Geographic Information Systems (GIS)

Fundamentals:

Introduction to Geo-informatics, Definition, scope, and applications of Geo-informatics, Components of Geo-informatics: GIS, Remote Sensing, GPS, Photogrammetry, Surveying, Fundamentals of Geographic Information Systems (GIS), Definition and historical development of GIS, Components of GIS, Functions of GIS, Geospatial Data Concepts, Spatial Data: Points, lines, polygons, Non-Spatial (Attribute) Data, GIS Data Models, Raster Data Model, Vector Data Model, Coordinate Systems and Projections.

UNIT- 2: Remote Sensing Principles and Applications:

Fundamentals of Remote Sensing, Definition and concept of remote sensing, Electromagnetic Radiation (EMR), Remote Sensing Platforms and Sensors, Platforms, Sensors, Image Acquisition and Characteristics, Analog vs. Digital images, Remote Sensing Image Pre-processing, Radiometric correction (atmospheric correction, sensor calibration), Geometric correction (rectification, georeferencing), Image mosaicking and subsetting. Image Enhancement Techniques, Contrast stretching, histogram equalization, Filtering (spatial filtering: smoothing, edge detection), Band ratios and principal component analysis (PCA).

UNIT- 3 Global Positioning System (GPS) and Data Acquisition:

Global Positioning System (GPS) and GNSS: * Components of GPS, Working principle:

Trilateration, pseudoranging, Sources of error in GPS measurements, Differential GPS (DGPS) and its applications, Overview of other Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS): GLONASS, Galileo, BeiDou, NavIC, Geospatial Data Acquisition Methods, Field Data Collection: GPS receivers, total stations, Drones (UAVs), Digitization, Data Conversion, Data Sharing and Exchange Formats: Shapefile, GeoJSON, KML, GML, Basic Surveying and Photogrammetry (Brief Overview), Data Quality and Metadata, Accuracy, precision, resolution, completeness, consistency, Sources of error in geospatial data, Importance of metadata for data documentation and usability.

UNIT- 4: Spatial Data Analysis and Modeling:

Spatial Analysis in GIS, Query Operations, Overlay Operations, Proximity Analysis: Buffer, Nearest Neighbor, Network Analysis: Shortest path, service area, routing, Surface Analysis:

Interpolation (IDW, Kriging), DEM generation, slope, aspect, hillshade. Remote Sensing Image Classification, Unsupervised Classification: K-means, ISODATA, Supervised Classification, Spatial Modeling, Data Visualization and Cartography, Principles of map design and cartographic representation, Thematic mapping, symbology, labelling, Map layouts and map production, 3D visualization of geospatial data.

UNIT- 5: Advanced Applications and Emerging Trends in Geo-informatics:

Advanced Applications of Geo-informatics, Urban Planning and Management: Smart cities, infrastructure management, urban sprawl analysis, Environmental Management: Disaster management, forest monitoring, pollution mapping, climate change impact assessment, Natural Resource Management, Transportation and Logistics, Public Health: Disease mapping, epidemiology. Integration of Geo-informatics with Other Technologies, Web GIS, Mobile GIS, Big Data and Cloud Computing in Geo-informatics, Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Machine Learning (ML) in Geospatial Analysis, Emerging Trends in Geo-informatics, Ethical, Legal, and Social Issues in Geo-informatics, Data privacy and security, Data ownership and intellectual property rights, Accessibility and digital divide, Misuse of geospatial data, Professional ethics in Geo-informatics.

Recommended books:

1. "Principles of Geographic Information Systems" Author: Peter A. Burrough, Rachael A. McDonnell, Chris D. Lloyd o Publisher: Oxford University Press o
2. "Remote Sensing and Image Interpretation" Author: Thomas M. Lillesand, Ralph W. Kiefer, Jonathan W. Chipman o Publisher: John Wiley & Sons o
3. "Introduction to GPS: The Global Positioning System" Author: Ahmed El-Rabbany o Publisher: Artech House o
4. "Geoinformatics and Data Mining in Earth Sciences" (Possibly an edited volume) Editors: A.G. Gvishiani, B.D. Dzeboev (and others depending on the specific o edition/volume) Publisher: MDPI Books (often open access, which is a plus) o
5. "Sensing and Monitoring Technologies for Mines and Hazardous Areas" Author/Editor: (Often edited volumes with various contributors; e.g., published o by Elsevier or CRC Press)
6. "GIS and Remote Sensing Applications in Geology" Author: A.K. Saha o Publisher: Universities Press (India) / Springer o
7. "Engineering Rock Mechanics" Author: John A. Hudson, John P. Harrison o Publisher: Elsevier Science / Pergamon o
8. "Geoinformatics" Author: Saiful Islam o Publisher: Vayu Education of India o